CONDITIONALS SENTENCE

Conditionals can be simply defined as "conditional sentence". In the sentence there are three types:

1.            Conditionals: Type 1 (Open Condition)

In a Type 1 conditional sentence, the tense in the 'if' clause is the simple present, and the tense in the main clause is the simple future.

If clause (condition)	Main clause (result)
If + simple present	simple future
If this thing happens	that thing will happen.

As in all conditional sentences, the order of the clauses is not fixed. You may have to rearrange the pronouns and adjust punctuation when you change the order of the clauses, but the meaning is identical.

Examples

• If Doni is late again I will be mad.
• I will be mad if Doni is late again.
• If you don't hurry, you will miss the plane.
• You will miss the plane if you don't hurry.

Function

The type 1 conditional refers to a possible condition and its probable result. These sentences are based on facts, and they are used to make statements about the real world, and about particular situations. We often use such sentences to give warnings. In type 1 conditional sentences, the time is the present or future and the situation is real.

Examples

• If I have time, I'll finish that letter.
• What will you do if you miss the plane?
• Nobody will notice if you make a mistake.

In type 1 conditional sentences, you can also use modals in the main clause instead of the future tense to express the degree of certainty, permission, or a recommendation about the outcome.

Examples

• I may finish that letter if I have time.
• If he calls you, you should go.

2.      Contionals : Type II (Improbable/Imaginary Condition)

Conditonal type describes something we expect to happen or simply fiction. And expressed by the verb past tense (both past tense for past dependent future clause and tense in the main clause).

Conditional pattern type II - A

MAIN CLAUSE (Principal clause) INDUK KALIMAT	IF	DEPENDENT CLAUSE (Condition Clause ) ANAK KALIMAT
Past Future Tense	IF	Past Tense
Consider the example below:
Mother would be angry	IF	She saw reading this book

Example :

• She would pass test, if she studied hard.
• He would help the poor if he were a millionare.
• He woulf support me, if I bad a match.

Pola II – B

Pola  conditional type II-B

IF	DEPENDENT CLAUSE			MAIN CLAUSE
IF	Subyek	Were	-	Subyek	Would/should
IF	Plural ( you, we, and they)	Were	5 years older	( you, we, and they)	Would be needed here
IF	Singular (I, He, She, It)	Were	5 years older	(I, He, She, It)	Would be needed here

Example :

• He would help your homework if be were able to
• If I were you, I would study hard
• I would take the offer if I were you

3.      Conditionals : Type III (Unfulfilled Condition)

This pattern is used to express that something did not happen due to certain conditions not happen.

The pattern of conditional type III, as follows :

MAIN CLAUSE	IF	DEPENDENT CLAUSE
Past future Perfect Tense (Would have / Should have)	if	Past Perfect Tense ( had / had been )
I should have left for Bandung You would have disturbed me She would have slept soundly The teacher would have scolded me	If	I had money You had shouted loundly She had been drowsy I hadn’t examined him I had been absent He had been in emergency The judge had asked him

SUMBER:

·         Prastowo Panca, 2008, Panduan Tepat Menguasai Tenses Bahasa Inggris, cetakan pertama, penerbit : Diva press

·         http://www.edufind.com/english-grammar/type-1-conditional/